Amp Amplifier
Amp Amplifier
What will happen if the op amp is replaced by an instrumentational amplifier in the given ciruit?
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Electronic/photdet.html
Please look at the first circuit, Photodiode Light Detector
The instrumentation amplifier is similar in some ways but instead of having a very high gain, it has a defined gain that is programmed by the user. If it was set to Av = 1000 or more it may appear to work, but would be inaccurate. The open loop gain of an op amp is more like 1,000,000 but not defined.
An instrumentation amplifier can be used in a different way. It measures the voltage across a resistor used to load the photo-diode. The resistor is chosen so that with full scale illumination of the photo diode there will be 10 or 20mV across it. WIth less load (resistor too high) the voltage will be higher, but the photo-diode output will be more compressed (non linear as the illumination increases). This may be useful too. The resistor and the + and - inputs of the amplifier are connected across the photo diode. There must be a path to common for the bias current of the inputs. Ideally have two equal resistors in series for the load, and connect the center point to common through another resistor from 10K to 1M. An instrumentation amplifier usually has a reference connection, connect this to common too. These are more expensive, but have some advantages in that a balanced differential input can be used without loading the signal source. Common mode voltages are suppressed, it only measures the difference between the two inputs. A cable of a few meters length becomes practical.
The resistor. Measure the short circuit current of the photo diode with maximum or full scale illumination.Calculate the resistor from ohms law. Use this current and 10mV. Thus for 1mA the resistor is 0.01V / 0.001A = 10 ohms. Use 2 x 4.7 ohms in series to provide a center tap. Now set the gain of the amplifier to give full scale voltage with 10mV input. You get the formula for calculating the gain from the data sheet.
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